Syllabus for
Bachelor of Science (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics)
Academic Year  (2021)

The UG Chemistry programme is offered to students opting for BSc degree with the combinations Physics, Chemistry and mathematics. Chemistry being a central science all efforts are made to connect with physical sciences.

The department of physics provides high quality physics education, producing well prepared BSc graduates who are confident in their abilities and understanding of physics. It also promotes research and creative activities of students by providing exposure to the realm of physical science and technical expertise. 

Programme Outcome/Programme Learning Goals/Programme Learning Outcome:

PO2: Demonstrate problem solving, analytical and logical skills to provide solutions for the scientific requirements

PO3: Understand and analyse the concepts of physics and apply them to real-world situations

PO4: Understand the importance and judicious use of technology for the sustainable growth of mankind in synergy with nature

PO5: Develop logical and analytical skills in physical sciences.

PO6: Enhance the research culture and uphold the scientific integrity and objectivity

PO7: Engage in continuous reflective learning in the context of technological and scientific advancements

Programme Specific Outcome:

PSO2: Express proficiency in oral and written communications to appreciate innovation in research

PSO3: Use software effectively for mathematical modelling.

PSO4: Demonstrate and Understanding of the impact of chemicals in societal and environmental contexts.

Continuous internal assessment (CIA) forms 50% and the end semester examination forms the other 50% of the marks in both theory and practical. CIA marks are awarded based on their performance in assignments (written material to be submitted and valued), mid-semester test (MST), and class assignments (Quiz, presentations, problem-solving etc.) The mid-semester examination and the end semester examination for each theory course will be for two and three hours duration respectively. The CIA for practical sessions is done on a day-to-day basis depending on their performance in the pre-lab, the conduct of the experiment, and the presentation of lab reports. Only those students who qualify with the minimum required attendance and CIA will be allowed to appear for the end semester examination.

The Additional English course is offered as a second language course and seeks to introduce the students to the nuances of English literature in its varied forms and genres. The students who choose Additional English are generally proficient in the English language. Hence, instead of focusing on introducing them to language, challenging texts in terms of ideas, form, and technique are chosen. Additional English as a course is designed for students in place of a regional language. Non-Resident Indians (NRIs), foreign nationals and students who have not taken Hindi, Kannada, Tamil or French at the Plus 2 or Class XII levels are eligible to choose Additional English. The course is taught for students from different streams, namely, BA, BSc, BCom, and BBA in the first year and for BA, BSc and BCom (Regular) in the second year.

The first year syllabus is an attempt by the Department of English, Christ University to recognize and bring together the polyphonic Indian and Indian sub-continental voices in English in English translation for the Additional English students of the first year. This effort aims to familiarize the students with regional literatures in translation, Indian Writing in English (IWE) and literatures from Pakistan, Nepal and Srilanka, thereby, enabling the students to learn more about Indian culture and ethos through writings from different regions of the country. We have tried to represent in some way or the other the corners of India and the Indian sub-continent in this microcosmic world of short stories, poems and essays

There is a prescribed text bookfor the first year students, compiled by the Department of English, Christ University and intended for private circulation.

The first semester has a variety of writing from India, Pakistan and Nepal. The various essays, short stories and poems deal with various socio-economic, cultural and political issues that are relevant to modern day India and the Indian sub-continent and will enable students to comprehend issues of identity-politics, caste, religion, class, and gender. All of the selections either in the manner of their writing, the themes they deal with or the ideologies that govern them are contemporary in relevance and sensibility, whether written by contemporary writers or earlier writers. An important addition to this syllabus is the preponderance of North-Eastern writing which was hitherto not well represented. Excerpts from interviews, autobiographical writings, sports and city narratives are added to this section to introduce students to the varied genres of literature.

The objectives of this course are

to expose students to the rich literary and cultural diversity of  Indian literatures

to sensitise students on the social, political, historical and cultural ethos that has shaped the nation- INDIA

to enable to grasp and appreciate the variety and abundance of Indian writing, of which this compilation is just a passing glance

to learn and appreciate India through association of ideas in the texts and the external contexts (BhashaUtsav will be an intrinsic help in this endeavour)

1.      Keki N Daruwala     “Migrations”

2.      Kamala Das            “Forest Fire”

3.      Agha Shahid Ali      “Snow on the Desert”

4.      Eunice D Souza       “Marriages are Made”

1.      Rabindranath Tagore    “Babus of Nayanjore”

2.      Ruskin Bond  “He said it with Arsenic”

3.      Bhisham Sahni       “The Boss Came to Dinner”

4.      N. Kunjamohan Singh    “The Taste of Hilsa”

5.      Mohan Thakuri                “Post Script”

1.      Mahatma Gandhi       “What is True Civilization?” (Excerpts from Hind Swaraj)

2.      Ela Bhatt                    “Organising for Change”

3.      Sitakant Mahapatra     “Beyond the Ego: New Values for a Global Neighborhood

4.      B R Ambedkar             “Waiting for A Visa”

The text book copy "Reading Diversity"

CIA 2: Mid-semester written exam for 50 marks

CIA 3: Collage, tableaus, skits, talk shows, documentaries, Quizzes or any proactive            creative assignments that might help students engage with India as a cultural space. This is to be done keeping in mind the objectives and learning outcomes of the course.

Question Paper Pattern

Mid Semester Exam: 2 hrs

Section A: 4x5= 20

Section B: 2x15=30

Total                  50

End Semester Exam: 2 hrs

Section A: 4 x 5 = 20

Section B: 2 x 15= 30

Total                   50

In this introductory paper the students acquire knowledge of the basic concepts of Physical, Organic and Inorganic Chemistry. 

Prelearning topics: Bohr’s theory and its limitations, Black body radiation, dual behaviour of matter and radiation, de Broglie’s relation, Heisenberg Uncertainty principle. Hydrogen atom spectra. Need of a new approach to Atomic structure.

Quantum mechanics: Postulates of quantum mechanics, Introduction, time independent Schrodinger equation and meaning of various terms in it. Significance of ψ and ψ², Schrödinger equation for hydrogen atom. Radial and angular parts of the hydrogenic wavefunctions (atomic orbitals) and their variations for 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p and 3d orbitals (Only graphical representation). Radial and angular nodes and their significance. Radial distribution functions and the concept of the most probable distance with special reference to 1s and 2s atomic orbitals. Significance of quantum numbers, orbital angular momentum and quantum numbers ml and ms. Shapes of s, p and d atomic orbitals, nodal planes. Discovery of spin, spin quantum number (s) and magnetic spin quantum number (ms).Rules for filling electrons in various orbitals, Electronic configurations of the atoms.*Stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals,*concept of exchange energy. Relative energies of atomic orbitals, Anomalous electronic configurations.

Ionic Bonding: General characteristics of ionic bonding. ^#Energy considerations in ionic bonding, lattice energy and solvation energy and their importance in the context of stability and solubility of ionic compounds. Statement of Born-Landé equation for calculation of lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle and its applications, polarizing power and polarizability. Fajan’srules, ionic character in covalent compounds, bond moment, dipole moment and percentage ionic character.

Covalent bonding: VB Approach: Shapes of some inorganic molecules and ions on the basis of VSEPR and hybridization with suitable examples of linear, trigonal planar, square planar, tetrahedral, trigonalbipyramidal and octahedral arrangements. Concept of resonance and resonating structures in various inorganic compounds.

MO Approach: Rules for the LCAO method, bonding and antibonding MOs and their characteristics for s-s, s-p and p-p combinations of atomic orbitals, nonbonding combination of orbitals, MO treatment of homonuclear diatomic molecules (O₂, N₂) of 1st and 2nd periods (including idea of s-p mixing) and heteronuclear diatomic molecules such as CO, NO and NO⁺. Comparison of VB and MO approaches

                                                                               5 Hrs

 Prelearning topics:Ecosystems. Energy flow and eco system stability, Bioelements, cycles of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur.

Air Pollution: 

Air pollutants: Photochemical smog: its constituents and photochemistry. Automobile emission.^*Greenhouse effect,^*Global warming, Ozone depletion by oxides of nitrogen, chlorofluorocarbons and halogens, Control of particulates. 

Water Pollution:

^$Water purification and treatment (reverse osmosis, electro dialysis, ion exchange). 

^#Effluent treatment plants (primary, secondary and tertiary treatment). 

Arrangement of elements in the periodic table. Effective nuclear charge. Slater's Rules. Periodic variation of properties in periods and groups. General chemical characteristics of s and p block elements: Metallic and non-metallic character, oxidation and reduction reactions, diagonal relationships. polyhalides. Oxyacids of nitrogen, phosphorous, sulphur and halogens.

Isotopes- use of radio isotopes in tracer technique, agriculture, medicine, food preservation and Carbon dating-Numerical problems.

Nuclear fuels, Nuclear reactors, Breeder reactors, atomic energy programme in India.

^**Case studies on Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear disaster.

 Section B: Organic chemistry          (20 Hrs) 

Prelearning topics: Hybridizations, bond lengths, bond angles, bond energy. Localized and delocalized chemical bond, polarity of bonds, types of chemical reactions

IUPAC naming of bifunctional organic compounds

Electronic Displacements: Inductive Effect, Electromeric Effect, Resonance, Hyperconjugation and steric effect. Effect of the above on strength of organic acids and bases: Comparative study with emphasis on factors affecting pK values. Cleavage of Bonds: Homolysis and Heterolysis. Nucleophiles and electrophiles. Reactive Intermediates: Carbocations, Carbanions, free radicals and carbenes - Structure, shape and reactivity of organic intermediates. Types of organic reactions: Addition, elimination, substitution, rearrangement and redox reactions (definition and one example each). 

Prelearning topics: Classification, Nomenclature and sources of organic compounds. 

Alkanes: (Upto 5 Carbons)

Preparation: Catalytic hydrogenation, Wurtz reaction, Kolbe’s synthesis, from Grignard reagent. Reactions: Free radical Substitution: Halogenation. Selectivity and reactivity. (Mechanisms)

Cycloalkanes-Relative stabilities-Baeyer’s strain theory-Sache-Mohr theory of strainless rings. 

Alkenes: (Upto 5 Carbons) 

Preparation: Elimination reactions: Dehydration of alkenes and dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides (Saytzeff’s rule); cis alkenes (Partial catalytic hydrogenation) and trans alkenes (Birch reduction). Mention stereoselective and regioselective reactions. Reactions: cis addition (alk. KMnO₄) and trans-addition (bromine), Addition of HX (Markownikoff’s and anti-Markownikoff’s addition with mechanisms), Hydration, Ozonolysis, oxymecuration-demercuration, Hydroboration-oxidation. 

Dienes: Nomenclature and classification of dienes Methods of formation of 1, 3 - butadiene. Chemical reactions of butadiene - 1, 2 and 1, 4 additions Diels-Alder reaction.

Alkynes: (Upto 5 Carbons)                                                                                           

Prelearning topics: geminal and vicinal dihalides, basic concepts of addition and oxidation reactions.  Preparation: Acetylene from CaC₂ and conversion into higher alkynes; by dehalogenation of tetra halides and dehydrohalogenation of vicinal-dihalides.

Reactions: formation of metal acetylides, addition of bromine and alkaline KMnO₄, ozonolysis and oxidation with hot alkaline KMnO₄.

Preparation - From alkenes and alcohols. Reactions - Types of aliphatic nucleophilic substitution reactions - S_N¹and S_N²mechanisms with stereochemical aspects and effects of substrate structure, solvent, nucleophile and leaving group.  

* Topics identified for student seminar.

# Topics to enhance employability.

$ Service learning

** Self learning

Academic Enrichment Activity

JEE-based problems will be solved in the class

Talk and written assignment on gender bias/gender discriminaton in scientific world 

[1]   B.R. Puri, L.R. Sharma and K.C. Kalia, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, 31st Edition, Milestone Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 2013. 

[2]   Bahl, A. &Bahl, B.S. Advanced Organic Chemistry, S. Chand, 2010.

[3]   B. Mehta, M. Mehta, Organic Chemistry, PHI Learning Private Limited, 2017.

[1]   J.A. Lee, Scientific Endeavour, Addison Wesley Longman 

[2]   D.A. Skoog, D.M. West, F.J. Holler and S.R. Crouch, Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 8th Edition, Brooks/Cole, Thomson Learning, Inc., USA, 2004. 

[3]   J. D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th ed., Blackwell Science, London, 2010. 

[4]   Satya Prakash, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 1, 5th Edition, S. Chand and Sons, New Delhi, 2012. 

[5]   R.K. Prasad, Quantum Chemistry, New Age International, 2001 

[6]   McQuarrie, J. D. Simon, Physical Chemistry – A molecular Approach, Viva Books. 

[7]   I. N. Levine, Physical Chemistry, Tata McGraw Hill, 

[8]   ManasChanda, Atomic structure and Chemical bonding in Molecular Spectroscopy” Tata McGraw Hill. 

[9]   J. D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th edn., Blackwell Science, London. 

[10]    B. R. Puri, L. R. Sharma, Kalia, Principles of Inorganic Chemistry, Milestone Publishers, New Delhi. 

[11]    F. A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson and P. L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd ed., John Wiley. 

[12]    B. Douglas, D. Mc Daniel, J. Alexander, Concepts and models in Inorganic Chemistry. 

[13]    R. Gopalan, Inorganic Chemistry for Undergraduates, Universities Press, Hyderabad, 2009.

[14]    Jain and Sharma Modern Organic Chemistry 3^rd edition, Vishal Publishing Company, 2009. 

[15]    R. T Morrison, and R. N. Boyd. Organic Chemistry.  7^thed. New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd., 2010.

[16]    S.M. Mukherji, S. P. Singh, and R. P. Kapoor. Organic Chemistry. 3^rd, 12th Reprint, New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers, 2009.

[17]    I. L Finar, Organic Chemistry Vol. II, 5^thed. New Delhi: ELBS and Longman Ltd., reprint 2008.

This course is intended to impart basic analytical skills with an emphasis on volumetric analysis. It also emphasises the importance of organized and systematic approach in carrying out experiments.

1. Calibration of glassware.

2. Estimation of oxalic acid by titrating it with KMnO₄.

3. Estimation of water of crystallization in Mohr’s salt by titrating with KMnO₄.

4. Estimation of Fe (II) ions by titrating it with K₂Cr₂O₇ using internal indicator.

5. Estimation of Fe (II) ions by titrating it with K₂Cr₂O₇ using external indicator.

6. Estimation of Cu (II) ions iodometrically using Na₂S₂O₃.

7.Estimation of total alkalinity of water samples (CO₃^2-, HCO^3-) using double titration method. 

8. Measurement of chlorides in water samples by titrimetry (AgNO₃ and potassium chromate)

9. Estimation of Mg²⁺ by complexometric titrations using EDTA.

10. Estimation of Zn²⁺ by complexometric titrations using EDTA.

11. Estimation of total hardness of a given sample of water by complexometric titration.

12.Measurement of sulphate in water samples by titrimetric method.

Academic Enrichment Activity

Online videos of various titration experiments will be shared with students

[1]  Svehla, G. Vogel’s Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Pearson Education, 2012.

.

[1]  Mendham, J. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Pearson, 2009.

• To expose learners to a variety of texts to interact with
• To help learners classify ideologies and be able to express the same
• To expose learners to visual texts and its reading formulas
• To help learners develop a taste to appreciate works of literature through the organization of language
• To help develop critical thinking
• To help learners appreciate literature and the language nuances that enhances its literary values

• To help learners understand the relationship between the world around them and the text/literature
• To help learners negotiate with content and infer meaning contextually
• To help learners understand logical sequencing of content and process information

·         To help improve their communication skills for larger academic purposes and vocational purposes

·         To enable learners to learn the contextual use of words and the generic meaning

·         To enable learners to listen to audio content and infer contextual meaning

·         To enable learners to be able to speak for various purposes and occasions using context specific language and expressions

·         To enable learners to develop the ability to write for various purposes using suitable and precise language.

Common errors- subject-verb agreement, punctuation, tense errors 

1. Why We Travel-Pico Iyer

2. What Solo Travel Has Taught Me About the World – and Myself -ShivyaNath- Blogpost

sentence fragments, dangling modifiers, faulty parallelism,

Note taking

1. Thinking Like a Mountain

By Aldo Leopold

2. Short Text: On Cutting a Tree

By Gieve Patel

1. Violence in the name of God is Violence against God

By Rev Dr Tveit

2. Poem: Holy Willie's Prayer

By Robert Burns

Paragraph writing

Newspaper report

1. The Story of B24

By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

 2. Short Text: Aarushi Murder case 

1.Long text:My Story- Nicole DeFreece

2. short text: Why You Should Never Aim for Six Packs

Essay writing

1.Long Text: Sir Ranjth Singh- Essay by SouravGanguly

2. Short text: Casey at the Bat-  Ernest Lawrence Thayer

Paraphrasing and interpretation skills

Visual Text: Before the Flood

CIA 2=50 

CIA 3= 20 

ESE= 50 marks online and 50 marks written exam

French as a second language in the UG program. The method Génération A1 consists of a student's book and an activity book, both included in the digital manual. It consists of 6 units preceded by an initial section of 'Welcome'. The structure of each unit marks a real learning journey.

Course Objectives

·       To develop linguistic competencies and sharpen oral and written communicative skills

·       To familiarize learners to certain aspects of francophone civilization.

·       To enable learners to engage in simple everyday situations

 Lexicon – Countries and nationalities, domestic animals, days of the week

 Grammar -Subject pronouns, verbs ‘to be’ and ‘to have’, definite and indefinite articles

 Speech acts – Greeting, asking how one is

Lesson 2: Hello, my name is Agnes.

Lexicon – Months of the year, numbers 0-69, the family

Grammar – Formation of the feminine / plural, possessive adjectives

Speech acts -Introducing oneself and others, asking and saying dates

La cigale et la fourmis (The grasshopper and the ant)

Le renard et le corbeau (The fox and the crow)

A French movie

      2.  De Lafontaine, Jean. Les Fables de la Fontaine.

           Paris, 1668

Course Description

The detailed text book “Samakaleen Hindi Kavitha” edited by Dr.N Mohanan is an anthology of contemporary Hindi Poems written by representative poets of Hindi Literature. From the medieval poetry ' Kabir Ke Dohe and Sur ke pad 'is also included.  The poets reflect on the social, cultural and political issues which are prevalent in our society since the medieval period. Hindusthani sangeeth-parampara eva kalakar is one of the module. Since translation is a significant area in language and literature, emphasis is being given on it in the syllabus.Bharath ki pramukh sanskruthik kalayein  Yakshagana,Kathakali,Ram Leela,Krishna Leela etc. included in the syllabus to enrich cultural values among students.

Course Objectves: 

Students will be exposed to read, analyse and appreciate poems by learning poetry. Through translation, students will be able to develop translation skills while translating from other language articles. Students will be able to analyses critically the different cultural art forms by learning about the Famous cultural art forms of India.

’  Samakaleen Hindi Kavitha (Collection ofcontemporary Poems)  Edited By: Mahendra Kulashreshta Rajpal and Son’s, New Delhi

Level of knowledge: Analytical

Translation-Practice                English to Hindi and vice- versa.

Ramleela,Krishnaleela,Yakshagaana,kathakali.

Utbhav,Vikas aur paramparaein

Pramukh Sangeethkar-1.Bhimsen Joshi 2.Gulam Ali 3.Pandit Ravishankar 4. Bismillah Khan.

1. 'Samakaleen Hindi Kavitha’ (Collection of Poems) Edited By: Dr.N Mohanan,  Rajpal and Son’s,New Delhi.

1. A Hand Book of Translation Studies         By: Das Bijay Kumar.               

2. Saral Subodh Hindi Vyakaran,                 By: Motilal Chaturvedi. Vinod pustak mandir, Agra-2

3. Anuvad Evam Sanchar –                         Dr Pooranchand Tantan, Rajpal and Son’s, Kashmiri

4. Anuvad Vignan                                       By: Bholanath Tiwar

5. Anuvad Kala                                           By: N.E Vishwanath Iyer.

CIA-2(Mid semester examination)-50 marks

CIA-3(Digital learning-article creation in Hindi Wikipedia)-20 marks

End sem examination-50 marks

Selections from Old Kannada, Medieval Kannada and Modern Kannada Literature are introduced for I Semester BA/ BSc. courses in the syllabus. This will enrich the students' Language and Communication skills, and also their critical and analytical skills.  This will help them to enhance their social sensitivity.  The rhythm of poetry helps the students to acquire natural speech rhythm.

1. Raghavanka- Harishchandra Kavya. Selected chapter( Purada Punyam Purusha Roopinde Pooguthide) 

2. Vachanas- Devara Dasimayya, Basavanna, Akkamahadevi, Aydakki Lakkamma, Gajesha Masanaiah.

    Keerthanegalu: Purandaradasa, Kanakadasa

3. Modern Kannada poetry: Mumbai Jataka- Dr. G.S. Shivarudrappa, Kari Heggadeya Magalu- B.M.Sri 

1. Dheera Kumara- A Folk tale

2. Mandannana Marriage- (An episode in Novel Karvalo) K. P. Poornachandra Tejaswi

3. Gili Kathe-(Translation) -  Ravindranath Tagore

1. Differences in Prounounciation ( L-l) (A-H) 

2. Change of meanings

3. Translation: English to Kannada 

1.Folk Art forms of Karnataka

1. Dollu Kunitha

2.Pooja Kunitha

3.Goravara Kunita

4. Patada Kunitha 

       2. Yashodhara Charite- Janna (Selected Episode) 

       3. Harishchandra Kavya- Raghavanka (Selected Episode) 

       4. Shree Sahitya- B M Shreekantaiah

       5. Janapada Kathegalu- Jee sham paramashivaiah

2. Vachana Chandrike- L Basavaraju

3. Purandara Sahitya Darshana- S K Ramachandra Rao

4. Kanakadasa- Basrur Subba Rao

5. Samagra Kannada Sahitya Charithre- Ed. G.S Shivarudrappa

CIA-2 Mid Semsester Examination- 50 Marks

CIA-3 Translation Assignment- English to Kannada -20 Marks

Attendance -05 Marks

End Semester Examination- 50 Marks

Course Description: This course aims at enabling the students to know various concepts and principles of differential calculus and its applications.  Sound knowledge of calculus is essential for the students of mathematics for the better perceptions of the subject and its development.

Course objectives​: This course will help the learner to

COBJ1. Gain familiarity with the concepts of limit, continuity and differentiability.

COBJ2. Understand the relationship between the concepts of differentiability and continuity.

COBJ3. Analyse and interpret the different versions of mean value theorems.

COBJ4. Learn successive differentiation and nth derivative of product of two functions.

COBJ5. Find derivative of functions of more than one variable.

COBJ6. Be familiar with curve tracing.

Definition of the limit of a function (ε-δ) form – Continuity, Uniform Continuity – Types of discontinuities – Properties of continuous functions on a closed interval - Boundedness theorem and extreme value theorem – Differentiability – Mean Value Theorems: Rolle’s theorem – Lagrange’s and Cauchy’s First Mean Value Theorems – Taylor’s theorem (Lagrange’s form and Cauchy’s forms of remainder) – Maclaurin’s theorem and expansions -Indeterminate forms. .

Successive differentiation – nth derivatives of functions – Leibnitz theorem and its applications – Partial differentiation – First and higher order derivatives – Differentiation of homogeneous functions – Euler’s theorem – Taylor’s theorem for two variables (only statements and problems)- Maxima and Minima of functions of two variables.

Tangents and Normals, Concavity and convexity, Curvature, Asymptotes, Singular points, Tracing of curves (Parametric representation of curves and tracing of parametric curves, Polar coordinates and tracing of curves in polar coordinates)..

Course Description: Introduction to Python Programming1 provides a foundational background for programming in a mathematical setting. Students will learn the basics of object orientated programming, algorithm, flow chart, memory storage, variable scoping, modules, objects and classes, and basic data structures.

Course objectives​: This course will help the learner to

COBJ1: Acquire proficiency in using Python Programming.

COBJ2: Demonstrate the use of Python to understand and interpret the some concepts in Mathematics.

1. Getting started with Python
2. Variable, Printing, input and output
3. Modules and functions
4. If statements, Conditional operators, elif
5. For Loops, Break statements, The loop variable, the range function
6. Numbers, Math Operators, Random numbers, Math functions
7. Counting, Summing, Swapping, Flag variables, Maxes and mins, Comments, Simple debugging, Example programs
8. Strings, Concatenation and repetition, The in operator, Indexing, Slices, Looping, String methods
9. Lists, List methods, Tuples

This course is aimed to provide a thorough knowledge of the basics of kinematics, gravitation, work, energy, oscillations, properties of matter and special theory of relativity. Each topic includes problem-solving which develops the thinking process and application skills of the students.  

Scalars and vectors, types of vectors, Vector algebra-Vector addition and subtraction, Graphical and analytical methods, components of vectors, Scalar and vector products, applications for scalar and vector products, Vector derivatives, 1st order and second-order differential equations.

Motion in one dimension-Motion with uniform velocity, uniform acceleration and non-uniform acceleration, Motion in two dimensions-projectile motion- Motion along a curve in a plane (radial and transverse components of velocity and acceleration), examples. Drag force terminal velocity, Frames of reference- Inertial and non-inertial, two frames of reference moving with uniform relative velocity, uniform acceleration, rotating frames, fictitious forces-Examples-(Banking of curved railway track, Accelerometer, freely falling elevator). Newton’s Laws of motion. First, second and third laws, Conservative and non-conservative forces, Dynamics of a system of particles., Definition of centre of mass, centre of mass of two particles, group of particles, continuous bodies, uniform straight rod, motion of the centre of mass.              

Conservation of momentum and energy, work-energy theorem, motion of rockets. 

Rotational motion: Angular velocity and angular momentum, torque, conservation of angular momentum.

Fluids: Surface tension: Synclastic and antisynclastic surface - Excess of pressure - Application to spherical and cylindrical drops and bubbles - variation of surface tension with temperature - Jaegar’s method, Drop weight method. Viscosity: Viscosity - Rate flow of liquid in a capillary tube - Poiseuille’s formula - Determination of coefficient of viscosity of a liquid - Stoke's method, Variation of viscosity of a liquid with temperature 

Newton’s law of gravitation. Motion of a particle in a central force field (motion is in a plane, angular momentum is conserved, areal velocity is constant). Kepler’s Laws (qualitative). Satellite in circular orbit and applications. Geosynchronous orbits. Weightlessness. Basic idea of Global Positioning System (GPS).

Oscillations: Simple harmonic motion. Differential equation of SHM and its solutions. Kinetic and Potential Energy, Total Energy and their time averages. Damped oscillations.       

Elasticity: Hooke’s law - Stress-strain diagram - Elastic moduli-Relation between elastic constants - Poisson’s Ratio-Expression for Poisson’s ratio in terms of elastic constants - Work done in stretching and work done in twisting a wire - Twisting couple on a cylinder - Determination of rigidity modulus by static torsion - Torsion pendulum-Determination of Rigidity modulus and moment of inertia - q, η and σ by Searle’s method.

Special theory of relativity: Constancy of speed of light. Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity. Length contraction. Time dilation. Relativistic addition of velocities. 

[1].Resnick, R., Walker, J., & Halliday, D. (2015). Principles of physics (9^th ed.): Wiley.

[2].Kittel, C. (2007). Mechanics: Berkeley physics course, Vol. 1: Tata McGraw- Hill.

[3].Sears, F. W., Zemansky, M. W., & Young H. D. (1986). University Physics: Addison- Wesley.

[1].Basudeb, B. (2015). Engineering mechanics (2^nd ed.): Oxford University Press.

[2].Ronald, L. R. (2003). University physics: Thomson Brooks.

The mechanics related experiments included in this course enables the students to understand the theory better and develops the application skills in a practical situation.