Syllabus for
Bachelor of Architecture
Academic Year  (2018)

The Bachelor's Degree Program in Architecture, affiliated to the Christ University, is a five-year program approved by the Council of Architecture New Delhi. The Programme has two components, Studio, and Theory. The theory encompasses the current theoretical positions on Architecture, understanding historical precedents of the built environment in India and across the world, Building Sciences and Technology. Studio courses address the issues of methods in the documentation, analysis, and interpretations and design process of physical environments. The studio cycle is aimed at developing design language, tools, and skills to design sustainable built environments. The programme entails Practical training of one semester with a registered practicing architect. The Programme thus intends to render a holistic understanding of Architecture. The Board of Studies members include acclaimed academicians and leading architects; Prof Neelkant Chhaya, Former Dean of Faculty of Architecture, CEPT University; Ar. Prem Chandavarkar, Managing partner of CnT Architects. A. ADMISSION Admission to the Bachelor of Architecture to all the candidates who have passed the Qualifying Examination of an examination at the end of the 10+2 scheme of examination of Central/State Govts with at least 50% aggregate marks in Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics and also 50% marks in aggregate of the 10+2 level examination or passed 10+3 Diploma Examination with mathematics as compulsory subject with at least 50% marks in aggregate. And have passed the Aptitude Test with a qualified NATA score for the aptitude test conducted by the Council of Architecture OR Qualified JEE Mains Paper-II Aptitude Test in Architecture B. DURATION The Architecture course shall be of minimum duration of 5 years or 10 semesters of approximately 16 working weeks each inclusive of six months or one semester of approximately 16 working weeks of Practical training in semester IX in a professional office under a COA Registered Architect, complying to the Council of Architecture Gazetted Rules 2020.

The B Arch Programme offers theory and studio courses. The theory courses conduct periodical Continuous Internal Assessments (CIA) which includes tests, assignments, and attendance to evaluate the students' progress. Each course would culminate with an End Semester Examination (ESE) conducted centrally by the University.

The Studio courses are continuously evaluated through reviews, assignments, and time problems, which accumulate as CIA marks. The ESE will be conducted through Viva-voce reviewed and marked by an external examiner.

Course Objective: - To develop the ability to describe, document and appreciate architectural expression of masonry constructional composition.

Course Description: - The course is an introduction to the basics of building materials, building elements and building system in architectural construction. It introduces masonry and timber constructions

1.     Material vocabulary modules in masonry and wood. 

2.   Constructive grammar of building elements such as Masonry Foundation, Masonry Walls and Wooden Doors and Windows 

3.     Their intrinsic relationship to a building system syntax. 

4.  A detailed Case study, preparation of construction drawings and site visits to buildings under construction are essential.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-I, Basic design, Architectural graphics-I, History & theory of architecture and culture-I and Building structures-I – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

2.     To describe and demonstrate Masonry systems and Timber systems that explain possible methods for joining elements to form coherent, structurally viable assemblies. 

3.     To analyze and infer from documentation of a case study on one traditional masonry building or special types of masonry construction and wood detailing, describing how construction-oriented thinking manifests itself in architecture. 

4.   To demonstrate detail of a part of masonry construction integrated with design studio.

1.     Importance of material in architectural perception, life of material & building performance with examples

2.     Introduction to building drawings and graphical conventions of representing different materials

Understanding architectural construction as a sequence of knowing the raw material, material modules, architectural elements and its ensemble as an architectural system

Ethos of Masonry construction;Masonry withBrick, Stone & Concrete blocks, alternative material block - fly-ash blocks and stabilized mud blocks; Manufacturing methods, assembly of these materials to modules, sizing and modularity; To interpret architectural effect when masonry modules integrate to form building elements; Site visit reports on Brick Kiln or Stone quarry.

1.     Systems of material component: Brick masonry terminologies; Types of brick masonry bonds, Skills of brick masonry construction

2.     Systems of building elements:  Brick masonry walls, foundations, mortar type, plasters, buttresses, arches and lintels.

3.  Systems in Architecture: Conceptual idea of brick masonry elements in different Architectural styles; structural syntax of load bearing construction in brick, Architectural detailing in brick masonry.

1.     Systems of material component: Stone masonry terminologies; Types of stone masonry bonds, Skills of masonry construction

2.     Systems of building elements:  Types of stone masonry walls, foundations, mortar type, plasters, buttresses, arches and lintels.

3.     Systems in Architecture: Conceptual idea of stone masonry elements in different Architectural styles; structural syntax of load bearing construction in stone, Architectural detailing in stone masonry.

Introduction to wall construction and detailing with building materials: Hollow and solid concrete blocks, Hollow and solid clay Blocks, Fly ash blocks, Aerated Concrete Block, stabilized mud blocks, Glass Blocks, etc. Properties, uses and manufacturing methods.

1.     Wood module: Natural, hard and softwood. Quality of timber used in buildings, defects, seasoning and preservation of timber.

2.     Systems of material component: Carpentry terminologies; Skills of carpentry, Wood sizing, Types of wood joinery, Layered products, Particle boards, Fiber boards. 

3.     Systems of building elements.

Types of wooden doors, i.e., battened, ledged, braced, paneled, flush and glazed doors, study of joinery details.

An overview

Types of wooden glazed windows, study of joinery details.

Timber construction systems Overview; Frame construction principle; Preliminary size of timber beams; Scrap wood assemblies in informal sectors; Literature review of traditional Japanese timber building construction.

2.     Chudley , R., & Greeno, R. (2005). Construction Technology. Prentice Hall, 4 edition.

3.     Emmitt , S., & Gorse, C. (2009). Barry's Introduction to Construction of Buildings. Wiley-Blackwell.

4.     Mckay, W. (2012). Building Construction. Pearson India.

5.     Deplazes, A. (2005). Constructing Architecture Materials Processes Structures A Handbook. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhäuser Publishers for Architecture.

2.     Frampton, K. (2001). Studies in Tectonic Culture. Cambridge.

ESE(Theory) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To develop the ability to critically understand architectural concepts through history.

Course Description: - The course introduces the idea of architecture, history and theory. It explores ancient architecture in different time periods in various cultural, geographical and political contexts, particularly environment & physical context socio-economic issues religion & cosmology. This is done descriptively as well as interpretatively, developing critical understanding of architectural concepts through history. The course weaves a web of connections between built environment and the social, political, religious, technological and environmental circumstances.   It is dealt in clusters of related notional contexts – e.g. Buddhist architecture, River valley cultures, Colonial architecture etc.   At the end of each set of clusters a theory class will explore some relevant thematic ideas in them –  ornament & detail, power & politics, form & iconography etc. constantly relating it to modern life – places and practices. There will be a minimum of 15 lectures, 5 theory seminars, 2 field trips, 2-3 workshops / master classes in each semester with 2 tests and 5 essay papers.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-I, Materials and methods in building construction-I, Architectural graphics-I, Basic Design and Building structures-I – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

What is architecture; What is History; History of architecture; Theory of architecture.

Architecture - prehistoric times; Tribal Cultures.

River Valley Cultures [Indus, Nile, Mesopotamian, Early Chinese]

Desert and Mountainous ? Himalayan, Saharan, Arab.

Central and South American Cultures.

2.  Grover, Satish (2003). Buddhist and Hindu Architecture in India. CBS Publishers & Distributors. ISBN 8123909748, 9788123909745

3.   Volwahsen, Andreas (Author, Photographer),‎ Henri Stierlin (Editor) (1995),‎ India, Architecture of the World Series, Part 7) Paperback, Edition, Benedikt Taschen Velag GmbH, ISBN 3-8228-9301-3

4.  Tadgell, C. (1990). The History of Architecture in India: From the Dawn of Civilization to the End of the Raj. London Architecture Design and Technology Press.

5.     

CIA 2 - 15 marks

CIA 3 - 20 marks

Total CIA - 45 Marks

ESE - 50 Marks

Attendance - 05 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - The course intends to develop an informed intuition for structures by emphasizing the underlying concepts and synergy of form and structure.

Course Description: - The course is an introduction to the basics of structure and structural systems. It deals with the principles of loads, structural materials and transmissibility of forces with examples. It gives an overview on the basic principles of mechanics.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-I, Materials and methods in building construction-I, Architectural graphics-I, History & theory of architecture and culture-I and Basic Design – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

1.     To describe and comprehend the basics of structures and structural systems. 

2.     To describe the basic principles of mechanics. 

3.     To comprehend and evaluate the loads on structures. 

4.     To comprehend the concept of triangulation and evaluate the loads in trusses.

Historical perspective and definition of structure as a device for channeling loads that result from the use or presence of the building in relation to ground.

Example-1: Build a structure to house an un-boiled egg to be thrown from a building without breaking (avoid foam boxes and bulky structures). Example-2: Build a Structure of dimension 150x150x150mm using A4 size paper to withstand a load of 1 kilogram. Example-3: Build a beam or a truss using matchsticks to span a distance of 150mm, and test the maximum mid-span load the truss could carry. Example-4: Build a geodesic dome of 150mm dia using straws, ice cream sticks or matchsticks to span a distance of 150mm.

Vertical/lateral systems: wall, cantilever, moment frame, braced frame, horizontal one-way and two-way systems: truss, arch, vault, dome, shell, cable stayed, suspended, membrane.

Dead load (DL), live load (LL), static, dynamic, impact, and thermal loads.

Mechanical properties of Structural materials: wood, masonry, steel, concrete, fabric; energy use and rupture length. Advantages and disadvantages of Structural Materials and choice of Structural Material for -domestic buildings, Industrial buildings, Tall buildings and Long Span buildings.

Tension, compression, shear, bending, torsion; symbols and notations; force and stress.

Understanding load flow by tributary load and load path (slab, beam, and girder) and vertical members (post, wall, and footing); load path.

Force, Reaction, Moment and Principle of Support conditions and their significance in resistance to forces and to maintain equilibrium. 

Resultant and equilibrant of coplanar, concurrent and non-concurrent force systems. Parallelogram, force polygon, resultant, equilibrant, components; numeric method.

Modulus of Elasticity; linear and non-linear materials, elastic, plastic, and elastic-plastic materials; Poisson's Ratio; Thermal stress and strain.

Truss concept of triangulation, common truss configurations.

For a given configuration of the trusses and center to center spacing, calculations of the dead weight of the truss and the dead weight of the roof cover and support reaction loads.

2.     Salvadori, M., & Heller, R. (1985). Structure in Architecture: The Building of Buildings. Prentice Hall; 3rd Revised edition.

3.     Schierle, G. (2008). Structure and Design. University Readers.

2.  Singer, F. (1975). Engineering Mechanics. Weatherhill: Harper & Row, 3rd Edition.

CIA 2 - 15 marks

CIA 3 - 20 marks

Total CIA - 45 Marks

ESE - 50 Marks

Attendance - 05 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: -To develop skills in effective communication-both written and verbal. To explore the potential of media technology and the internet to enhance communication. 

Course Description: - The course builds an overview of English as a communicative language. It enables to cultivate and develop the skill and confidence, in both verbal and written matter, necessary in practice. 

Introduction to course objective and framework of assignments and assessment. Discussion on exploratory topics. 

Reading of a passage from famous books (e.g. Samskara). Students to draw an image on A4 paper based on the read passage.

Understanding the differences among seminars, conferences, convention, congress, debates, extempore speeches, panel discussions etc. Students to write a brief synopsis on seminar topic to be submitted to seminar committee for acceptance.

Need to document infrastructure (or lack of) on college campus and students to prepare a fifteen-point questionnaire with info- graphics and conduct survey.

Interpretation of materials such as questionnaires, application forms, analysis of materials such as texts, reports, technical literature.

From spoken and written English.

Comprehension of lectures and speeches to locate key points

To develop the ability to write concisely and correctly and present ideas in a logical manner.

Understanding the difference between formal and informal letters etc. Students to Write /draw a letter to fellow architects, clients, public authorities, contractors, enquiries to industries, dealers.

on a Design or a Building, Introduction to Design Basis Report.

term paper is a research paper written by students over an academic term.

Observation based writing. Topic for assignment: PATTERNS (in nature, Architecture, art, mathematics, language, infrastructure, social systems etc.) and student to write and illustrate a 300-word essay on patterns.

Using the Internet to enhance communication

2.     Mudambadithaya, G. (2011). Communicative English for Professional Courses. Sapna Publishing House.

CIA 2 - 15 marks

CIA 3 - 20 marks

Total CIA - 45 Marks

ESE - 50 Marks

Attendance - 05 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To introduce to the aptitude of architectural design thinking and to experience an unfamiliar mode of thought, structured for students with no previous experience in design. To foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

Course Description: - A creative introduction to the idea of making spaces as emerging from the landscape in response to material and resources available. It explores the idea of experiential learning through design exercises that delves with body and senses. It is conducted in a studio format with exercises to develop skills of observation, documentation and experiencing built environment through sketching, measured drawing and model making. A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Basic design, Materials and methods in building construction-I, Architectural graphics-I, History & theory of architecture and culture -I and Building structures-I – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

1.  What architectural education entails? What being an architect involves? and Architecture's connection with other forms of knowledge: Science, Mathematics, Philosophy, Religion, Environment, Politics etc. Understanding Built environment as a cultural construct.

1.     Introduction to methods of observation, recording, documenting and drawing them up in specified formats and scales through study of a cultural context.

2.     Measure drawing exercise of familiar objects & spaces- a table (object), a classroom and a staircase (static/transition spaces), pavilion, open/ enclosed spaces etc.

Observing and recording the built environment and experiencing enclosures. Learning basics of architectural representation, identifying important local buildings, Local stories on architecture, Drawing silhouettes of favourite buildings or places, Collection and documentation of all building materials within 5 km-radius.

1.     Introduction to graphical explorations to demonstrate that design is not a discipline, but a way of looking at the world; drawing inspirations from text and music

2.   Introduction to graphical explorations that place emphasis on defining a context and its experiential qualities.

3.     Introduction to simple architectural design exercise with emphasis on programmatic aspects of space, order, context, and form; projects may be hypothetical in nature in real sites.

4.     Explore concepts of volume and scale, width to height ratio. Study models to explore the design principles additive form, deductive form, rhythm, contrast, balance and symmetry. Multiple sectional drawings of study models

1.     Introduction to anthropometry; relationship of spaces with human body.

2.     Introduction to furniture; relationship of objects with human body.

3.     Portfolio of study and design through drawing/representation.

1.     Human functions and their implications for space requirements. Minimum and optimum areas for mono functions, User's data, movement and circulation diagrams. Spatial interpretations — various activities and their relationship with spaces.

2.   Design of functional furniture layout, circulation, lighting and ventilation for spaces such as living/dining, bedrooms, Architect's office, Doctor's clinic etc. 

1.     Callender, J. (1997). Time-saver Standards for Architectural Design Data (7th Revised edition edition ed.). McGraw-Hill Inc.,US.

2.     Chakrabarti, D. (1997). Indian Anthropometric Dimensions: For Ergonomic Design Practice. National Institute of Design.

3.     The American Institute of Architects. (2016). Architectural Graphic Standards (Ramsey/Sleeper Architectural Graphic Standards Series) (12th Revised ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

Course Objective:- To develop the fundamental visualization abilities, graphical techniques, and expression of the same; To develop the ability and learn the basics of material handling.

 Course Description: -A sensory perception and art course which examines how perception operates as a creative process affecting deeply the concepts of spatial and visual thinking and in graphical communication; it interfaces art, craft and space design. It introduces to graphical exercises that deal with abstraction, pattern and repetition, and introduce form exploration in plastic medium increasing sensitivity to space through drawing as the fundamental medium of communication. It begins with observation and expression of the built and natural environment. A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-I, Materials and methods in building construction-I, Architectural graphics-I, History & theory of architecture and culture-I and Building structures-I – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture. 

1.     Observation & Study 1: Selection of two outdoor objects/systems and observation of their natural occurrence, relationships with context, form & structure, colors & textures, and function Sketching & visual representation in various media. Dimensional modeling in appropriate medium (clay/paper/wire/plaster/wax etc.).

2.     Observation & Study 2: Selection of two indoor objects/systems and observation of their situation, relationships with context, form & structure, colors & textures, and functions. Sketching & visual representation in various media. 3-dimensional modeling in appropriate medium (Clay/paper/wire/plaster/wax etc.). Bridge Course and Travel suggested.

An exploratory workshop-based module to introduce three-dimensional visualization and understanding of material limits

1.     Material Study-1: Selection of two materials used in everyday life (textiles, Earthenware, terracotta, metals, stone, plastic, glass etc.) Study of properties, Strength, examples of use.

2.     Material Study-2: Sketching & visual representation of material in various media, like Paper, clay, plaster, wood, wire, wax, photography

3.     Material Study-3: Hands-on making of object/joint/structure of own choice with one of the materials studied.

1.     Design of a non-enclosed object using the materials studied. E.g. park Seat, bollard, push-cart, etc.

2.     Design of a semi-enclosed object/space using the materials studied. E.g. gazebo, kiosk, bus stop, stage set, etc. 8. Design of an enclosed object/space using the materials studied. E.g. Security cabin, grocery store, caravan etc.

2.     Donald, A. (2013). Design of Everyday Things. Basic Books; Rev Exp edition.

3.     Gill, R. (1990). Rendering with Pen and Ink. Thames & Hudson Ltd.

4.     Graves, M. (1951). The Art of Color and Design. McGraw-Hill; Second Edition edition.

2.     Graves, M. (1951). The Art of Color and Design. McGraw-Hill; Second Edition edition.

ESE (Viva voce) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To impart specific skills and to introduce students to the fundamental geometric principles involved in architectural representations. 

Course Description: - The course is an introduction to architectural representation techniques. It enhances the drawing visualization and representation skills emphasizing technical drawing as a medium of communication for basic vocabulary in architecture. It builds an introduction to graphic tools, techniques, and conventions, designers use to communicate architectural ideas. It introduces, techniques of drawing to generate orthographic projections, 2D and 3D representations, reading scale and surface developments used in architecture. A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-I, Basic Design, Materials and methods in building construction-I, History & theory of architecture and culture-I and Building structures-I – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

2. To draw and construct 2D and 3D representations used in architecture;

To use and demonstrate appropriate rendering techniques in architectural drawing

The basic principles of drawing and sign conventions; the concept of scales and application in architecture.

Lettering used in architectural drawings, including different fonts.

Exercises in lines and angles, construction of triangles, quadrilaterals and regular polygons. Introduction to the development of simple surfaces - cubes, cuboids and pyramids.

Typical arch forms and methods of drawing them.

Construction of plane curves, ellipse, parabola, hyperbola and ovals. Exercise in physical modeling for parabola and hyperbola.

Principles of orthographic projection; projections of points, lines, planes - explore all combinations.

Orthographic projection of solids

(Simple to complex) 

3D representation in isometric projection of solids.

3D representation in isometric projection of built elements and built forms (simple to complex).

3D representation in axonometric projection of solids. 

3D representation in axonometric projection of built elements and built forms.

Simple rendering of the 3D drawings of built elements and built forms - free-hand pencil rendering with shading and textures.

ESE (Viva voce) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To develop the ability to describe, document and appreciate architectural expression of masonry constructional composition.

Course Description: - The course is an introduction to the building materials, building elements and building system in RCC and wood in architectural construction.

1.     Material vocabulary modules in concrete and steel

2.     Constructive grammar of building elements such as Foundation and Columns in RCC, Roofs in timber and steel and Staircases in RCC, steel, timber and composite materials

3.     Their intrinsic relationship to a building system syntax.

4.     A detailed Case study, preparation of construction drawings, market surveys, factory visits and site visits to buildings under construction are essential.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-II, Building Structures-II, Architectural graphics-II and History & theory of architecture and culture-II – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

2.     To describe and demonstrate RCC systems of foundations and columns that explain possible methods for joining elements to form coherent, structurally viable assemblies. 

3.     To describe the means and methods of construction of stairs with different materials such as RCC, timber, steel, masonry and composite materials. 

4.     To describe the means and methods of construction of roofs with different materials such as timber and steel. 

5.     To analyze and infer from documentation of a case study on staircase and its detailing describing how staircase can be designed as an event in space. 

6.  To demonstrate detail of a staircase integrated with design studio 

Introduction to cement and steel as a building material; Types of cement and its laboratory and site tests; Ethos of construction in concrete and architectural effects;Concrete ingredients, grades of concrete, admixtures, mixing and proportioning concrete; Site visit to a Ready-mix concrete (RMC) batching plant.

1.     Systems of material component: Form work, placing, and compaction; Curing of concrete; Sampling and testing of concrete; Construction joints, expansion joints, finish in concrete; Chemical admixtures; Site visit to concreting construction site.

2.     Systems of building elements: RCC Foundations (Isolated footing); Columns (Square and Round); Raft foundations, Grillage foundations and Combined footing. 

3.   Systems in Architecture: Conceptual ideas of construction in concrete during Roman and Modern periods; Prestressed and Prefabricated units in concrete; structural syntax of construction in concrete, Architectural detailing in RCC 

1.     Introduction: Staircases as a multiplier of horizontal plane; Three-dimensional spatial fabric or stair core; Anthropometry of staircase; Construction methods of staircase in - Masonry, timber, RCC, Steel and Composite

2.     Systems of building elements:  Timber Stairs: Single and Double Stringer stairs: Means and methods of Construction; RCC Stairs: Waist slab, folded plate, Stringer stairs, precast stairs: Means and methods of Construction

3.     Systems in Architecture: Conceptual idea of staircase as an event in space; structural syntax of staircases, Architectural detailing staircases, Case study understanding of staircase as an architectural element in the design of space.

1.     Systems of building elements:  Steel Stairs: Stringer stairs, Folded Type, Spiral stairs, Fire escape stairs: Means and methods of Construction; Composite Stairs: Brick and stone, Steel and timber, Concrete and wood, Steel and glass: Means and methods of Construction. 

 2.   Systems in Architecture: A case study understanding of staircases in public places; Structural syntax of staircases, Architectural detailing in staircases, Case study understanding of staircase as an architectural element in design of space

1.     Timber Roof – Lean-to roof, Collared Roof, King-post roof, Queen-Post Roof; Detailed Drawing of one roof system

2.     Introduction to Steel Roof - Steel trussed roof, their purposes and method of construction. Use of GI sheets and aluminum sheets for roofing.

2.     Chudley , R., & Greeno, R. (2005). Construction Technology. Prentice Hall, 4 edition.

3.     Emmitt , S., & Gorse, C. (2009). Barry's Introduction to Construction of Buildings. Wiley-Blackwell.

4.     Mckay, W. (2012). Building Construction. Pearson India.

5.     Deplazes, A. (2005). Constructing Architecture Materials Processes Structures A Handbook. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhäuser Publishers for Architecture.

6.     Francis Mallgrave, H. (2004). Style in the Technical and Tectonic Arts; Practical Aesthetics. Los Angeles.

7.     Frampton, K. (2001). Studies in Tectonic Culture. Cambridge.

2.     Frampton, K. (2001). Studies in Tectonic Culture. Cambridge.

ESE(Theory) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To develop the ability to critically understand architectural concepts through history.

Course Description: - The course introduces the idea of architecture, history and theory. It explores Indian and Asianarchitecture in different time periods in various cultural, geographical and political contexts, particularly environment & physical context socio-economic issues religion & cosmology. This is done descriptively as well as interpretatively, developing critical understanding of architectural concepts through history. The course weaves a web of connections between built environment and the social, political, religious, technological and environmental circumstances.   It is dealt in clusters of related notional contexts – e.g. Buddhist architecture, River valley cultures, Colonial architecture etc.   At the end of each set of clusters a theory class will explore some relevant thematic ideas in them –  ornament & detail, power & politics, form & iconography etc. constantly relating it to modern life – places and practices. There will be a minimum of 15 lectures, 5 theory seminars, 2 field trips, 2-3 workshops / master classes in each semester with 2 tests and 5 essay papers.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-II, Materials and methods in building construction-II, Building Structures-II, and Architectural graphics-II – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

Pre-Classical Architecture & Buddhist Architecture- South Asian

Hindu Architecture

East Asian Cultures - Chinese, Japanese and Korean [ref to Kerala]

Central and South East Asian Cultures

Islamic Architecture - South Asian, West Asian & Central Asian

2.     Grover, Satish (2003). Buddhist and Hindu Architecture in India. CBS Publishers & Distributors. ISBN 8123909748, 9788123909745

3.       Volwahsen, Andreas (Author, Photographer),‎ Henri Stierlin (Editor) (1995),‎ India, Architecture of the World Series, Part 7) Paperback, Edition, Benedikt Taschen Velag GmbH, ISBN 3-8228-9301-3

4.         Tadgell, C. (1990). The History of Architecture in India: From the Dawn of Civilization to the End of the Raj. London: Architecture Design and Technology Press.

6.     Pandya, Yatin (2005). Concepts of Space in Traditional Indian Architecture. Mapin Publishing

CIA 2 - 15 marks

CIA 3 - 20 marks

Total CIA - 45 Marks

ESE - 50 Marks

Attendance - 05 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To introduce transmissibility of forces and reactions and basic structural systems of beams and columns.

Course Description:  The course completes the basics of structure and structural systems. It gives an overview to the principles of loads, structural materials and transmissibility of forces with examples and basic principles of mechanics; it deals with the structural systems of building elements such as beams and columns. A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-II, Materials and methods in building construction-II, Architectural graphics-II and History & theory of architecture and culture-II – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

2.     To comprehend and describe the structural system embedded in building elements such as beams and columns and to evaluate the loads on structures.

Centroid, Centroidal axes and Moments of Inertia for regular sections by Parallel Axis Theorem.

Beams and supporting conditions - Types of supports - Implications for computational and structural performance.

Method of balancing moments and free-body diagrams.

Concept of Shear force and Bending Moment diagrams. BMD and SFD for simple beams subjected to loads. BMD and SFD for intermediate beams 2span, 3span and 4span beams (bending moment diagrams to be provided).

Theory of simple bending - Concept of bending and shear stress distribution at a cross section due to bending moment and shear for Rectangular, I and T sections.

Moment of Inertia, Section Modulus, Bending and Shear Stress.

Determination of deflection for simply supported, fixed, continuous and Cantilever beams subjected to loads using standard formulas.

Buckling; effective length, critical load, slenderness ratio; Euler formula; "Kern" and rule of inner third.

Introduction to Short and long columns.

Axial stress and combined axial and bending stress design and analysis of steel columns.

Definition of short column as per IS 456 and design of short RCC columns (composite action, load taken by steel and load taken by concrete respectively).

2.     Prasad, I. (2002). A Textbook of Applied Mechanics: Dynamics & Statics. Khanna Publishers

3.     Salvadori, M., & Heller, R. (1985). Structure in Architecture: The Building of Buildings. Prentice Hall; 3rd Revised edition.

4.     Schierle, G. (2008). Structure and Design. University Readers.

5.     Schodek, D., & Bechthold, M. (2013). Structures. Pearson; 7th Edition.

2.     Schodek, D., & Bechthold, M. (2013). Structures. Pearson; 7th Edition.

CIA 2 - 15 marks

CIA 3 - 20 marks

Total CIA - 45 Marks

ESE - 50 Marks

Attendance - 05 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To impart guided skills of surveying and levelling.

Course Description: - This course enables students to understand salient methods to be applied in surveying, levelling and mapping. Topics include selection of instruments, operational skill, conclusion process, desired information in the aspects of map preparation, detail interpretation, and area, volume, and dimension quantification. The course is considered as a pre-requisite to know and understand the Art of Site planning and landscape architecture courses.

2.  To demonstrate the techniques of site surveying and analysis of a given site.

Definition, classification, principles of surveying, character of work, shrunk scale. Chain Survey: Instruments used, Types of chain, Instruments for ranging.

Chain Survey: Setting out angles, erecting perpendiculars. Chaining and ranging through obstacles. Compass surveying- bearings and calculations. Plane table survey - Plane table and accessories. Radiation and intersection method.

Introduction to Levelling; Definition, classification, booking and reduction of levels, Profile levelling, cross sectioning, reciprocal levelling, errors.

Characteristics of contours, direct and indirect methods of contouring, interpolation, and uses of contours.

(Theodolite and Total station): Theodolite; instrument for measuring angles in the horizontal and vertical planes. Total station; electronic theodolite integrated with an electronic distance measurement to measure slope distances. Trigonometric levelling- base of object accessible and inaccessible.

(Up to 1 acre): On site factors; Analysis of natural factors, topography, hydrology, soils, landforms, vegetation, climate, microclimate. Influence of water bodies

(Up to 1 acre): Survey without instruments using geometry and one's own body. To learn to read the terrain by intuition and by measure, including photography as a surveying method.

Setting out works such as center-lines of a building (working drawings of a small residence to be provided)

Learning to read a land survey drawing; type of land survey drawing, Scale and North direction in drawing, legend or list of the symbols used on drawings, counter indications on a drawing, grid references for measurements etc.

2.     Kanetkar, T., & Kulkarni, S. (1988). Surveying & Levelling Vol - I. Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan.

ESE(Theory) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To introduce the grammar of creating architectural space and form, including the study of variables like light, movement, transformation, scale, structure & skin and functional relationships.

Course Description: - The course is an introduction to fundamentals of material and construction while inhabiting space. It uses scale models to design environments that orchestrate contrasting material properties and conventional constructional systems to create places that foster specific ways of inhabiting space; the idea of an enclosure and the emphasis on the expression of poetic self. It adopts a case study methodology in developing the understanding of the fundamentals.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Materials and methods in building construction-II, Architectural graphics-II, History & theory of architecture and culture-II and Building Structures-II – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

1.  Introduction of an alternative material for hands on exploration to material modules to develop a sensitive material vocabulary.

1.     Explorations with the modules to spatial elements.

Assembling spatial elements to explore sense of enclosure, ambiguity, transparency using model, concept sketches and diagrams.

1.   Narrating the sequence of functional ideas in the process of place making. Nature appreciation walks and material workshops suggested.

1.     Detailed documentation of an inhabited space to learn about alternative construction systems invented by people in informal settlements or of interdisciplinary nature.

2.     Introduction to Design of a one room workspace.

3.     Within a workshop setting, learn to design things - material and immaterial; Learn new computational and fabrication tools along the way; develop methodologies for design research of interdisciplinary problems

Keywords for discussion: contemplative, severe, dramatic, minimalist, natural, organic, contemporary, traditional, transformation, scale, structure and skin.

Projects shall be explored with the help of models and sketches. Any One Room enclosure could be taken to explore the implication of light, movement.

1.     Detailed documentation of a case study of a structure in wood for details.

2.     Emphasis on freeing the expression of the poetic self, rather than on meeting external standards, and student development of self-explanatory presentations

3.     Understanding the role of physical (terrain, climate, materials, etc.) and cultural factors (open, closed, transition spaces) that inform architecture.

            Project to be presented in the form of a portfolio.

4.     Formulate a process of testing the various elements of space making learnt earlier in the semester through a project on an actual site. The project examples could be: A House for myself, Guest House, Farm house, Villa, Container house, Courtyard house, Tree house, etc.

2.     Ching, F. (2014). Architecture: Form, Space, and Order, 4th Edition. Wiley.

3.     Curtis, W. (1994). Le Corbusier: Ideas and Forms. Phaidon Press; Revised ed. edition.

4.     Gill, R. (1990). Rendering with Pen and Ink. Thames & Hudson Ltd.

5.     Mertins, D. (2014). Mies. Phaidon Press.

2.     Mertins, D. (2014). Mies. Phaidon Press.

Course Objective: - To impart specific skills and to introduce students to the fundamental principles involved in carpentry and the role of material joinery in architectural elements.

Course Description: - The course is an introduction to hands on explorations on joinery in wood and other materials. The theoretical lectures explain material- joinery relationship and building element making ability. It also outlines the classification of joinery based on the sequence of construction, internal or external location of the element, the nature of load transfers and the optimization of resource use.

2.           To make and explore the wood joinery used in architecture. 

3.          To design and explore a composite artistic production

Role of joinery and details in Architecture, different material joinery and resource use.

Sketching of tools and joints used in carpentry, safety measures to be observed, simple exercises to acquaint to techniques of using tools.

Making various joints of carpentry using a case reference in architecture – Lap joint, mortise tenon joint, dovetail joint and mitre joint.

Design intent and joinery, making of variations in basic joints to suit design intent.

Introduction to building elements and joinery, Making part models of walls, Jalli.

Principles of structural formation in filigree construction, Historical processes in traditional and vernacular architecture, Making one scaled part model of a chosen elements – roofs, floors or walls.

Introduction to concepts of joinery, Nature walk, observation and sketching joinery as seen in nature, Joinery in different materials bamboo, steel, RCC.

     Classification based on the sequence of construction, location of the element - internal or external, the role of load transfers – load bearing, non-load bearing, horizontal and vertical load transfers and the optimization of resource use.

Design and make a composite artistic production exploring joinery with different materials or a single material, Portfolio of ensemble illustrating the joinery details used.

2.     Wagner, W. (2005). Modern Carpentry. Wilcox Publisher; 2nd edition

ESE (Viva voce) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To develop necessary 3D graphical skills, to emphasis the use of drawing as a medium of spatial visualization.Course Description: - The course explores development of drawing skills and of technical drawings as tools of design thinking, visualization and representation; through 3D drawing techniques with applicable renderings that include shades and shadows.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Architectural design-II, Materials and methods in building construction-II, Building Structures-II and History & theory of architecture and culture-II – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

2) To draw and develop forms generated by intersection of solids.

3D representation in exploded axonometric projection of built elements and built forms.

Combination of different forms. Examples: Cylinder with cube or regular polygons, dome with a cube, etc.

Section of solids, true shapes of sections

Advanced topics with application to built forms, Suggested examples: Domes, curved roofs, etc

Perspective drawings of simple built form with simple built elements -Suggested example: Interior view of a single room and built elements in incremental steps. Technical steps with the object falling within the cone of vision, object going out of the cone of vision, and objects and elements closer. Analysis of the differences with previous technical images. Perspective drawings of everyday objects like chair and table without many design features. Generate multiple perspective drawings by altering the VP and PP, and by keeping SP fixed for the same examples.

Perspective drawings of simple geometrical objects and their combinations. Examples: Perspective drawings of built forms with built elements Perspective drawings of simple everyday objects. Generate multiple views of the same objects. 

Picture plane, station point, vanishing point, eye level, ground level, their variation and their resultant effects. examples of simple geometric objects.

History of perspective drawings with examples from international and Indian context. Principles of perspective drawings and examples of the visual effects of three dimensional objects when seen in perspective. 

Principles of drawing shade and shadow Exercises exploring the principles of drawing shade and shadow in perspective drawings - drafting shade and shadows to examples from the perspective drawings. 

Exercises in free-hand techniques for generating perspective drawings with multiple views on site with simple rendering. Introduce simple street elements and simple trees for the buildings generated in the perspective drawing classes. 

2.     Morris, I. (n.d.). Geometrical Drawing for Arts Students. London: Longmans.

3.     Mullik, S. (n.d.). Perspective. Jyotsna Prakashan.

ESE (Viva voce) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: To acquaint the students with construction practices pertaining to RCC, floors, roofs and flooring alternatives, wood partitions, masonry plastering and paint finishes

Course Description: The course is an introduction to building materials such as wood products and water proofing compounds. It details the building elements RCC slab types, Partition systems, Storage units and False ceiling; Building finishes including Floor finishes, Plastering and Paint finishes in architectural construction.

1. Material vocabulary modules in wood products such as Plywood, block board, particle board, hard board, laminates, MDF, HDF, HDPE wood wool, etc; water proofing compounds

2. Constructive grammar of building elements such as RCC slab types; Floor Finishes and paving; Masonry Plastering and Paint finishes; Wood Partition systems and storage units; False ceiling.

3. Their intrinsic relationship to a building system syntax.

4. A detailed Case study, preparation of construction drawings, market surveys, factory visits and site visits to buildings under construction are essential.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects – Architectural Design-III, Building Structures-III, Climate responsive architecture and History & theory of architecture and culture-III – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12th -14th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

2. To describe the means and methods of construction of RCC, floors, roofs and flooring alternatives, wood partitions, masonry plastering and paint finishes

3. To analyze and infer from documentation of a case study on interior residential or Office construction and its detailing describing the role of partitions in interior space definition.

4. To write a term paper on RCC slabs using observations from construction site visits.

5. To demonstrate all RCC roof details integrated with Building structures studio.

one-way, two-way slabs, cantilever slabs, sloping RCC roof, one way continuous, and two ways continuous.

Principles and methods of construction.

Principles and methods of construction.

Moment framed, Flat slab and Flat plate, Filler slabs, Waffle slab; Principles and methods of construction    

Principles and methods of construction

Including Toilet flooring: Mud flooring, Murrum flooring, and Stone flooring in marble, granite, tandur/kota stone, other flooring in mosaic, terrazzo, ceramic tiles, wooden flooring and polished concrete: Laying Fixing and Finishes.

Cast in situ concrete including vacuum dewatered flooring, concrete tiles, interlocking blocks, clay tiles, brick and stone.

Materials -Paints, varnishes and distempers, emulsions, cement base paints. Constituents of oil paints, characteristics of good paints, types of paints and process of painting different surfaces. Types of varnish, methods_ of applying varnish and French polish and melamine finish.

wet cladding in stone, marble, etc. including toilet cladding.

smooth, rough, textured, grit plaster etc. Use of various finishes viz., lime, cement, plaster of Paris, buffing etc.

Plywood, block board, particle board, hard board, laminates, MDF, HDF, HDPE wood wool, etc.

Detail of wardrobes and show cases in wood, ferro cement and stone; Modular kitchens and cabinet shelves

book selves, file cabinets and work stations. Partition systems: wall and ceiling using plywood, PVC, marble, granite, aerated concrete blocks, gypsum board, glass etc.

Fiber board, plaster of Paris, particle board, wood wool, metals, straw and any other materials introduced in the market including acoustic ceiling.

Water Proofing elements, construction chemicals and additives, adhesives, plaster of Paris, gypsum, Polystyrene sealants. Detailing of waterproofing of basement, toilets, terrace garden, French drains, etc.

NOTE - Minimum one plate on each construction topic. Site visits to be arranged by studio teachers. Study of Material applications in the form of portfolios.

2. Chudley , R., & Greeno, R. (2005). Construction Technology. Prentice Hall, 4 edition.

3. Mckay, W. (2012). Building Construction. Pearson India.

4. Emmitt , S., & Gorse, C. (2009). Barry's Introduction to Construction of Buildings. Wiley-Blackwell.

2. Francis Mallgrave, H. (2004). Style in the Technical and Tectonic Arts; Practical Aesthetics. Los Angeles.

3. Frampton, K. (2001). Studies in Tectonic Culture. Cambridge.

4. Duggal, S. (2012). Building Materials. NEW AGE; 4th Revised edition.

ESE (Theory) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - To develop the ability to critically understand architectural concepts through history.

Course Description: - The course introduces the idea of architecture, history and theory. It explores European and Colonial architecture in different time periods in various cultural, geographical and political contexts, particularly environment & physical context socio-economic issues religion & cosmology. This is done descriptively as well as interpretatively, developing critical understanding of architectural concepts through history.The course weaves a web of connections between built environment and the social, political, religious, technological and environmental circumstances.   It is dealt in clusters of related notional contexts – e.g. Buddhist architecture, River valley cultures, Colonial architecture etc.   At the end of each set of clusters a theory class will explore some relevant thematic ideas in them –  ornament & detail, power & politics, form & iconography etc. constantly relating it to modern life – places and practices. There will be a minimum of 15 lectures, 5 theory seminars, 2 field trips, 2-3 workshops / master classes in each semester with 2 tests and 5 essay papers.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Materials and methods in building construction-III, Building Structures-III, Climate responsive architecture and Architectural Design-III – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture. 

To describe the various dimensions of European and Colonial architecture in different contextual influences.

Pre-classical Architecture & Classical Greek Architecture

Roman Architecture

Byzantine Architecture & Gothic Architecture

Renaissance Architecture & the Transitional Period - 1700-1900

Colonial Architecture ? South Asia - in detail. Other - British & French Colonial, Portuguese, Spanish and Dutch Colonial

CIA 2 - 15 marks

CIA 3 - 20 marks

Total CIA - 45 Marks

ESE - 50 Marks

Attendance - 05 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: - It intends to develop an understanding of structural system design and analysis of RCC elements.

Course Description: - The course is an introduction to mechanics of RCC, its analysis and design. It introduces the structural systems of slabs, beams and columns -one way concrete slab, joist systems, two way concrete flat plate, waffle slab. It discusses the structural material RCC.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Materials and methods in building construction-III, Architectural Design-III, Climate responsive architecture and History & theory of architecture and culture-III – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12th -14th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

Basic Characteristics of Concrete & Reinforcing Steel Materials including specifications and testing. Basics of mix design, water-cement ratio, strength, durability, workability requirements and formwork.

Concept of Concrete as a brittle, composite material that is strong in compression and weak in tension. Structural behavior under load and the need for reinforcement.

Design of two story RCC frame office building with dimension of 15m X 30m and 3 m storey height using different Concrete Structural Systems including a framing plan, column, beam and slab arrangements and dimensions for all the different Concrete Structural systems already introduced(Indicative).

Introduction to National Building Code and IS456: Calculation of dead weight and live loads on structure as per IS875 (Part1&2). Determination of the general loads to be considered in the design of the structure based on the type of occupancy specified for each area. And introduction to safety factor and design philosophy.

General framing arrangement of beams, columns and slabs for 15m X 30m building by One-way joist System and design of singly reinforced slabs using SP 16: Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS 456:1978.

General framing arrangement of beams, columns and slabs for 15m X 30m building by One-way concrete slab system and design of single reinforced beams using SP 16: Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS 456:1978.

General framing arrangement of beams, columns and slabs for the 15m X 30m building by two way (waffle) slab design.

General framing arrangement of beams, columns and slabs for 15m X 30m building by two-way solid Flat slab system, and formwork design and detailing.

General framing arrangement of beams, columns and slabs for 15m X 30m building by Two-way solid Flat Plate system design, and design of Isolated footings using SP 16: Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS 456:1978.

General framing arrangement of beams, columns and slabs for 15m X 30m building by Two-way Slab-Beam, and design of short columns using SP 16: Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS 456:1978.

Approximate calculation of Column, Beam and Slab reinforcement.

Review of design of Column, Beam and Slab, total concrete volume, reinforcement tonnage and costing.

Preparation of working drawings showing the type, size and location of the reinforcement in a concrete structure.

2. Schierle, G. (2008). Structure and Design. University Readers.

3. Schodek, D., & Bechthold, M. (2013). Structures. Pearson; 7th Edition.

2. Schierle, G. (2008). Structure and Design. University Readers.

3. Schodek, D., & Bechthold, M. (2013). Structures. Pearson; 7th Edition.

CIA 2 - 15 marks

CIA 3 - 20 marks

TOTAL CIA - 45 Marks

ESE - 50 Marks

Attendance - 05 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course objective: To impart knowledge about water supply, sanitation, fire and safety and skills required to integrate them into the building design.

Course Description: An introductory course to environment and health aspects covering the methods of organization and operation of water supply and sanitation services in architectural projects. It outlines planning, designing and construction for connection up to the main lines, and cover topics of plumbing, types of plumbing fixtures based on requirements, plumbing materials, storage, appurtenances, water supply, drainage systems and solid waste management. Site visits to see how these services are installed are imperative for learning. The course also outlines fire, life safety measures and advanced fire safety services in buildings.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects – Architectural Design-III, Materials and methods in building construction-III, Building Structures-III, Climate responsive architecture and History & theory of architecture and culture-III – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12th -14th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

2. To organize and demonstrate, through drawings, water supply and sanitation in small residential building.

NOTE: For Progressive Marks To prepare individually a) Lay out of Water supply and Sanitation with all fixtures in kitchen, bath and utility for a small Residence ie Plan and Section, Terrace plan with Rain water down take pipes, Sump and OHT calculation design. b) Schematic diagram of similar study for a Basement floor. c) Portfolio on i) Solid waste management and ii) Firefighting schematic plans    

History of Sanitation with respect to human civilization, Importance of Health, Hygiene Cleanliness, Water borne, Water related, Water based, Epidemic diseases, Conservancy to water carriage system, Urban and Rural sanitation.

Source of Water supply - Municipal, bore well, river, etc., Quantity of water for different usages like Domestic, Hot water, Flushing, Gardening, Commercial, Industrial Applications, Assessment of requirement for different users, Quality of supply for different users as per national and international standards, Treatment of water for different uses, filtration, softening, disinfection, Storage and pumping -gravity system, hydro-pneumatic system, Distribution of water to fixture and fittings, schematic diagrams, Swimming pool, water bodies, Efficient usage of water.

Assessment of sewage generated, Collection of sewage / wastewater from all sources, schematic diagram, Conveyance of sewage - gully trap, chamber, manhole, intercepting trap, grease traps, backflow preventer, Materials of Construction of sewerage network - PVC, uPVC, HDPE, corrugated PP pipes, Objective of Sewage treatment, type of treatment, aerobic, anaerobic, Ventilation of STP, Space requirements

Assessment, quantification rainfall, flood control measures, Drainage system - piped drains, open drains, Recharging of storm water, Harvesting of roof top water, first flush, pretreatment, Drainage of basements, podium, paved areas, Collection, Reuse of water with in the project, reduction of the load on municipal system, landscape drainages and Rainwater harvesting.

Water supply piping - hot, cold, flushing water, Piping in sunken areas, false ceiling areas, shaft sizes, Drainage - floor traps, drains, P-trap, bottle traps, Single stack, two stack, cross venting, fixture venting, Material of construction like GI, PPR, PB, CPVC, Composite pipes, Copper, Flow control Valves - Gate valve, Globe valves, butterfly valves, Pressure Reducing valves & station, Pipe supports, hangers, fixing, plumbing of small houses.

Assessment of waste, Waste to wealth concept, Municipal waste, garden waste, organic & inorganic, Commercial waste, Medical waste & Industrial waste, Collection, segregation, treatment, disposal, Organic waste - Biomethanation, Vermicomposting, Organic waste converter.

Water closets, Bidet, urinals, Cisterns, Flush valve, Waste appliances - wash basin, sink, dishwasher, washing machine, Hot water system -Geysers, boilers, heat pump, Bath & water fixtures - Taps, mixers, single lever, quarter turn, bathtub, multi-jet bath, rain showers, health faucets, Wellness products: Sauna bath, steam bath, Jacuzzi, single and double stack system.

Causes of fire, reasons for loss of life due to fire, development of fire, fire classification of buildings, Fire and water storage requirements, Fire control room, Code of practices, Idea of smoke detectors, Fire alarms, Wet risers, Fire escape stair case, equipment used e.g.: snorkel ladder, materials used to fight fire, Fire rating and Hydrants.

Solar Hot Water Generation, Central LPG Supply System, Medical Gases Supply, Storage of High Speed Diesel, Central Vacuum and Waste Collection.

Grading of structural elements due to fire as per NBC. Classification of building types as per NBC and brief description of characteristics of combustible and non-combustible materials in case of fire.

Rules for fire protection and firefighting requirements for high rise buildings in India

Site Visits: Water Treatment Plants, Sewage Treatment Plants, LPG & HSD Yards, High Rise Residential Building - Plumbing (water supply, drainage); Commercial Buildings like IT Campus, Hotel & Hospital for acquaintance of installation & space requirements.

NOTE: For Progressive Marks To prepare individually a) Lay out of Water supply and Sanitation with all fixtures in kitchen, bath and utility for a small Residence ie Plan and Section, Terrace plan with Rain water down take pipes, Sump and OHT calculation design. b) Schematic diagram of similar study for a Basement floor. c) Portfolio on i) Solid waste management and ii) Firefighting schematic plans.

Basic concepts in fixed firefighting installations, Fire sprinklers, Fire Hydrants, Automatic fire detection and alarm systems, fire signages.

Including design of escape routes, fire driveways, fire refuge area, fire assembly areas, pressurization, travel distance, fire tower and compartmentation etc.

2.      S.C.Rangwala, “Water supply and sanitary engineering”, Chartar publishing house, Anand, 1989.

3.      Punmia B.C., “Waste Water Engineering”, Laxmi Publications, 2009

4.      Venugopala Rao P., Textbook of Environmental Engineering, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2002 


5.      Husian S.K., Textbook of Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering, Oxford & IBH, 2006 


6.      Fair G.M., Geyer J.C. and Okun D.A., Water and Waste Engineering, Volume 2, John Wiley and sons, Inc. New York, 1968 


1.     Deshpande, R. (1963). A Text Book of Sanitary Engineering Vol I and II Combined. Poona, United Book Corporation.

2.     Birdi, G. (2010). Water supply and sanitary Engineering. Dhanpat. Rai & Sons Publishers. 8th. Edition.

3.     SP35 Handbook on Water Supply and Drainage (with Special Emphasis on Plumbing. (1996). Bureau of Indian Standards.

4.     Board, C. P. (2010). Green Book: Pollution Control Act, Rules and Notifications Issued. CPCB.

5.     Indian Plumbing Association (IPA) and International Association of Plumbing & Mechanical Officials (IAPMO). (2014). Uniform Illustrated Plumbing Code-India (UIPC-I).

CIA 2 - 15 marks

CIA 3 - 20 marks

TOTAL CIA - 45 Marks

ESE - 50 Marks

Attendance - 05 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course objective: To introduce the knowledge required for understanding the influence of climate on architecture including the environmental processes which affect building, such as thermal, lighting etc.

Course Description: The course is an introduction to climatic forces that shape the human environment with a particular focus on ecological determinants. Various design strategies and methods at all scales of design (site planning, architecture, interior design) are outlined in the process of integration and internalization of environmental considerations towards sustainable environments. It outlines concepts and methods of measuring climate and human comfort, to create the desired indoor conditions. It discusses brief design exercises in the lab to check indoor comfort conditions through manual and computer-based simulation.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects – Architectural Design-III, Materials and methods in building construction-III, Building Structures-III, Climate responsive architecture and History & theory of architecture and culture-III – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12th -14th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

The Climate-built form interaction with examples. Elements of climate, measurement and representations of climatic data. Classifications and Characteristics of tropical climates.

Major climatic zones of India. Site Climate: Effect of landscape elements on site/micro climate

Introduction of a case exploration and a brief design exercise, of relevant traditional or contemporary building to discuss, measure explore and improvise the following theoretical parameters and devices outlined in Units 2, 3 and 4 – the concepts of thermal comfort, thermal performance of buildings, passive cooling building elements and other factors. Use of relevant literature study examples and the lab facilities are recommended.

Thermal balance of the human body, Thermal Comfort Indices (Effective temperature, corrected effective temperature, bioclimatic chart, tropical summer index by CBRI Roorkee). Measuring indoor air movement: Kata-thermometer, and measuring indoor radiation: Globe thermometer.

Solar geometry & design for orientation and use of solar charts in climatic design.

Calculation of Overheated and Under heated period (based on air temperature only) for locations in Climatic zones and their optimization in terms of solar heating and Passive cooling desired.

Effect of thermo-physical properties of building materials and elements on indoor thermal environment. Conduction, Convection, Radiation, concept of Sol-air temperature and Solar Gain factor.

Steady state and periodic heat flow concepts, Conductivity, resistivity, diffusivity, thermal capacity time lag and 'U' value. Calculation of U value for multilayered walls and Roof, Temperature Gradient, Inferring time lags from Graphs for walls and Roof. Construction techniques for improving thermal performance of walls and roofs. (Effect of density, Insulation and Cavity).

Functions of natural ventilation, Stack effect due to thermal force and wind velocity. Air movements around buildings, Design considerations and effects of openings and external features on internal air flow and Wind shadows.

Optimizing Design of Shading devices effective for overheated periods while allowing solar radiation for under heated periods for different wall orientations.

Case study explorations using two Indian case studies and one international for each climatic zone; to be submitted as a term paper

Nature of natural light, its transmission, reflection, diffusion, glares. Advantages and limitations in different climatic zones, North light, Day light factor, components of Day light devices.

2. Koenigsberger, O. (1975). Manual of Tropical Housing & Buildings (Part-II). Universities Press.

2. Fry, M., & Drew, J. (1964). Buildings in the tropics. Рипол Классик.

3. Konya, A. (1980). Design Primer for Hot Climates. London: Architectural Press; New York: Whitney Library of Design.

4. Krishnan, A., Baker, N., Yannas, S., & Szokolay, S. (2001). Climate Responsive Architecture: A Design Handbook for Energy Efficient Buildings. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education Publishing Company.

5. Majumdar, M. (2002). Energy efficient buildings:. TERI India publication.

6. Markus, T., & Morris, E. (1980). Buildings, Climate and Energy. Pitman Publishing, London.

7. Saini, B. S. (1980). Building in Hot dry climates. NY: Wiley Interscience-John Wiley.

ESE (Theory) - 50 Marks

TOTAL MARKS - 100

Course Objective: To enable extension of design ecologies across scales and disciplines.

Course Description: The course is an introduction to enquiries across disciplines for the development of architectural design language. It would emphasize on effective programmatic interpretation and spatial ordering inspired by the learnings from interdisciplinary study.

A one week long integrated studio-based workshop of all core subjects - Materials and methods in building construction-III, Building Structures-III, Climate responsive architecture and History & theory of architecture and culture-III – is mandatory. A combined review of portfolios of all core subjects, to be planned between 12^th -14^th week is also mandatory to foster an integrated understanding of Architecture.

2. To convert and extend place into built environment through organizational factors contextually. Finally enhance and carry to end the idea of “contextuality" culturally and physically to enable to read the context

1. Selection of an inter disciplinary topic of study – science, technology, environment, culture or art – an in depth understanding of the subject.

2. Develop abstract principles of ordering, patterns and organizing systems as inspirations.

1. A detailed study of the site and context and presentation of portfolio.

2. A programmatic interpretation with regard to the learning from the synthesis of interdisciplinary knowledge in the previous unit.

1.   Studio will explore evolution of architectural language through principles of abstraction, space-form-structure-site correlations, and the disciplines of building and sensory qualities. Studio will comprise of design of small institutions with key inputs on program-site analysis, area-volume diagrams, overlays, spatial structural system models and use of different media and representational techniques.

·       Techniques - layered, comparative, historical

·       Physical layer - location, networks, size, hierarchy, temporal functions

·       Perception: Density, volume, crowding, conflicting/conforming aspects

·       Visual layer: scale, contrast, forms and spaces and their hierarchy

·       Functional: core and auxiliary, formal/informal, incidental/intentional

Nature of Projects:

·   A small/medium size resort/hotel in a given natural context; Residential facility/cum training center in a slum; Museum; Nature cure or Health resort

·       Application of one particular technique (preferably layered technique for its comprehensiveness)

Any ONE of the suggested topics to be attempted

2. A Thousand Plateaus. Deleuze, Gillez and Guattari, Felix. University of Minnesota Press 2nd edition. 1987.

Course Objective: To use computers and digital media as design tools to explore, develop, evaluate and present architectural ideas.

Course Description: This lab-based course introduces the methods of visualization through simulation. It outlines a range of digital tools and techniques in 2D drafting, 3D modeling and vector graphics. It is coupled with a design presentation using AutoCAD, 3D Modelling software Trimble SketchUp, rendering engine VRay, Graphics editing software Adobe Photoshop and Building Information modelling using Autodesk Revit.

1. 2D commands, viewports, dimensions, annotations. Time problem introduction; Classroom exercises such as measured drawing of studio (windows, doors and staircases included), architecture department (windows, doors and staircases included) etc. 

2. Understanding layers, paper space Vs model space, line weights, print set up and Modelling of Wall, Doors, Windows, Stairs etc.

Presentation of time problem; plan, sections, elevations of a floor in a building, of a single storeyed building, of II / III semester architectural design studio project.

Trimble SketchUp or relevant 3D modelling software -Introduction to 3D modelling software interface, demonstration of 3D modelling commands required to convert 2D project (of 1 & 2) into 3D. Time problem. 

Presentation of time problem; drawing quickly with basic shapes, viewing models in 3D, adding detail to Models in 3D space, use of cameras, material applications. Presenting models - to jury or clients.

Generating 3d Model and introduction to concepts of visualization using rendering engines such as VRay

Introduction to concepts of BIM (Building Information Modelling). Introduction to appropriate techniques to model walls, insert fenestration, staircases.

Lecture and Classroom exercise to convert time problem (of 1 & 2) into Revit project, relationship to other file types (.dwg for AutoCAD, .ads for Trimble Sketch up).

Lecture and Classroom exercise to convert time problem (of 1 & 2) into Revit project. Introduction to rendering and visualization.

Classroom exercise to demonstrate use of Adobe Photoshop in simple projects. For e.g., rendering of 2D drawings, adding nature to 3D visualizations of architecture design project.