Dr. Harilal Madhavan is a development economist specializing in interdisciplinary research on health policies, pharmaceuticals, and intellectual property. He earned his PhD from the Centre for Development Studies (JNU) and completed postdoctoral research at CNRS, France, and the Austrian Academy of Sciences. With over a decade of experience, Dr. Madhavan has worked with universities, research institutes, and various organizations in both teaching and research roles. His research has been funded by prominent bodies like WHO, UNICEF, and the European Research Council. His recent work focuses on frugal innovations in health, primary healthcare, and the development of indigenous pharmaceuticals in Asian medicine industries. Dr. Madhavan?s publications have appeared in several international journals. His teaching interests include health economics, science and technology studies, and development planning.